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65. Union Station
December 1, 2001
Much of this country's history was played out on the tableaux of Toronto's elegant Union Station. Set against the grandeur of the "beaux-art" style architecture, countless tearful partings and joyful reunions have been played out in both wartime and peace. Kings, queens and hockey teams have traveled through the station's towering portals.
64. Kejimkujik National Park
December 1, 2001
More than just a national park, Kejimkujik is also the touchstone for the Mi'kmaq First Nation of Nova Scotia, tracing their presence here, back more than 5,000 years. Kejimkujik has at various times been a centre of logging, the scene of a gold rush, and a haven for sports fishermen. The park is being restored for the Mi'kmaq culture, celebrated by ancient petroglyphs carved along the shoreline
63. Stanley Park
December 1, 2001
It has inspired famous artists, fought the bite of axe wielding industrialists and provided secluded shelter for smallpox victims. This land, steeped in the mythology of the Squamish and Musqueam Nations, has witnessed years of controversy over its use. Today it is touted as one of North America's greatest urban parks - however, to this day its very ownership is still in question.
62. Fort Anne - Port Royal
December 1, 2001
The town of Annapolis Royal is home to Fort Anne, Canada's oldest national historic site. Nearby Port Royal, the first historic reconstruction ever attempted by Parks Canada, is the touchstone of the Acadian community. But in 1755, the Acadians were expelled from their homeland by the British in one of the most tragic deportations every witnessed in this country.
61. Marysville
December 1, 2001
Travelling to the small town of Marysville on the outskirts of Fredericton is like stepping back in time. This is a perfectly preserved 19th century industrial company town with workers' tenement houses and the original cotton mill all perfectly intact. Many of the people living in the red-bricked houses are in fact direct descendants of original mill workers.
60. Rideau Canal
December 1, 2001
It is rated as one of the world's great engineering feats. The Rideau Canal is 202 kilometers long with 45 locks, all built in only five years from 1826 and 1832. Several thousand workers died during the epic construction from malaria and injuries. Today the Rideau is the longest working original canal on the continent and John By is acclaimed as a hero of his time.
59. Methye Portage
December 1, 2001
It was the longest portage in the fur trade. 20 kilometers of trail hacked out of a rough & unforgiving terrain. The Dene men who worked this route performed Herculean feats of strength - some carried over 200 pounds of supplies & fur. By 1850, when packhorses were being used, 100 tons of fur and supplies would traverse this route, countless times every year
58. Neubergthal Street Village
December 1, 2001
Neubergthal, in southern Manitoba, is a slice of living history. It is less than one kilometer long. Blink and you'll miss it. Neubergthal is a perfectly preserved Mennonite single street village much like a score of other communities built in the 1870s. The other villages have now disappeared but Neubergthal is still redefining the true meaning of community.
56. Saint John Old City Market
December 1, 2001
The oldest covered market in Canada still brings together fisherman, farmers, bakers & butchers under one roof. Sitting in the center of Saint John's historic district, the center aisle of the market is in fact a real street, which the building straddles. Supermarkets & malls may come and go, but for the people of Saint John there is only one place to meet & greet friends or simply people watch
55. Beaumont Hamel
December 1, 2001
On July 1st, 1916, the 801 men of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment advanced point blank into the German machine guns near Beaumont-Hamel, France. After just 30 minutes of fighting, there were only 68 men left unwounded to answer the regimental roll call. An entire generation wiped out in one day. Today the battle site is one of only two national historic sites outside Canada.
54. Central Experimental Farm
December 1, 2001
Located in the City of Ottawa, this farm has played a leading role in Canadian agricultural history since it was created in 1886. Discoveries range from the development of key strains of wheat to the birth of the frozen food industry. The Farm unites scientific experimentation with practical verification, and to spread that knowledge as widely as possible.
53. Turner Valley Gas Plant
December 1, 2001
It was here in the prairies just south-west of Calgary, that Alberta's legendary oil & gas industries were born. On May 14, 1914, A.W. Dingman struck gas, and thus a major theme in Canadian history began. The Turner Valley Gas Plant stands as a symbolic link between the golden era of the cowboy & the new age of the motor car, it accounted for 97 per cent of Alberta's oil and gas production
52. Rogers Pass
December 1, 2001
Construction on Rogers Pass began in 1885. The avalanches that plague the region were their ever-constant enemy. By 1916 over 200 railway workers had died at Rogers Pass; Van Horne had become weary with the costs involved in keeping it open. The pass would be closed and a the Connaught tunnel would become the new route and it required nothing less then burrowing right through the mountain.
51. York Factory
December 1, 2001
It is the oldest permanent settlement in Canada, and at its peak had over 50 buildings. For over a century, every good or person entering Canada passed through here first. Today it sits, nearly abandoned, on the shore of Hudson Bay. Cree elders who were born at York Factory reunite here every summer to reminisce, and to celebrate the crucial role their ancestors played in the fur trade.
51. York Factory
December 1, 2001
It is the oldest permanent settlement in Canada, and at its peak had over 50 buildings. For over a century, every good or person entering Canada passed through here first. Today it sits, nearly abandoned, on the shore of Hudson Bay. Cree elders who were born at York Factory reunite here every summer to reminisce, and to celebrate the crucial role their ancestors played in the fur trade.
50. Dundurn Castle
December 1, 2001
These hills hold a history over 9000 years old. They've borne witness to murders, hangings and cholera epidemics as well as princely visits, political coups and almost unseemly extravagance. Dundurn Castle in Hamilton rises above steel refineries as a testament to both the struggles and triumphs of early life in Upper Canada. It is a historical gem with an action packed, bloody.
49. McLean Mill
December 1, 2001
The McLean Mill wasn't just a lumber camp, it was a way of life and helped to forge the new frontier of Canada's Pacific Coast. It was the small bush sawmills like McLean's that built cities like Vancouver & Port Alberni. In 1926, Robert Barrett McLean & his three sons hacked their way into the dense bush to set up their sawmill camp on Vancouver Island, which supplies one third of B.C.'s logs
49. McLean Mill
December 1, 2001
The McLean Mill wasn't just a lumber camp, it was a way of life and helped to forge the new frontier of Canada's Pacific Coast. It was the small bush sawmills like McLean's that built cities like Vancouver & Port Alberni. In 1926, Robert Barrett McLean & his three sons hacked their way into the dense bush to set up their sawmill camp on Vancouver Island, which supplies one third of B.C.'s logs
48. CFB Esquimalt
December 1, 2001
Perched on the south-eastern tip of Vancouver Island, Esquimalt was guarding the Pacific coast a decade before Canada was born. It has played a pivotal role in the history of the country ever since. Some of Canada's newest naval recruits start their basic training on the country's oldest commissioned ship, and an introduction to the colourful history of the country's biggest naval base
47. Women's College Hospital
December 1, 2001
This was the first medical teaching facility for women in Canada. Its existence would mark two major social movements in Canada - the suffragist movement - and the push for universal Health Care. From refining early cervical detection in 1947 and the introduction of birth control to its breakthroughs in unique cardiac care for women in 1996, Women's College has often been a point of controversy
46. Moravian Missions
December 1, 2001
As early as 1751, Hopedale, Nain and Hebron were ports of early international relations. From Germany, Moravian Missionaries came, praising the ways of the Inuit, bringing the Spanish flu and the desertion of Hebron in 1959. Hebron, is now a historic site - Hopedale & Nain are the last living communities in the area. They still practice Moravian tradition, while recapturing Inuit traditions
45. Signal Hill
December 1, 2001
For almost 300 years Signal Hill has dominated the skyline above St. John's, Newfoundland. For the people of St. John's, the Hill is a thread running through everyone's lives in wartime, epidemic, hard times and history. Signal Hill was also a place where the sick were sent to die. Victims of repeated epidemic outbreaks were isolated in the three hospitals built within the grounds.
44. Fort Battleford
December 1, 2001
It's imprint on history was less than 30 years but Fort Battleford witnessed one of the bloodiest and most exciting battles in early Canadian history; The Battle of Cut Knife Hill. It combined all the elements a classic conflict - starvation, siege, pursuit, a massacre narrowly averted, treason and hanging
43. Minister's Island
December 1, 2001
It is described as New Brunswick's "best-kept secret" and it has a double claim to fame. Firstly, as the only surviving Shrine to the father of Canada's national railway, Sir William Van Horne and secondly as a testament to his genius as Sir William was recently voted Canada's businessman of the 20th Century. The island is also a burial ground of Aboriginal peoples dating back 2,500 years.
42. The Montreal Main
December 1, 2001
It was the boulevard of dreams - Canada's most famous ethnic melting pot. The Main represented hope and a new life to wave after wave of distinct immigrants. A place where prostitutes, thespians, gamblers and gunmen and especially Mafia could feel right at home. A living, breathing tapestry of fine architecture, and city slums, high-end fashion and low -end art.
41. Churchill Rocket Research Range
December 1, 2001
In the isolated arctic barrens of Manitoba, Canada marked its first foray in to space exploration and laid the groundwork for satellite communications. It would see over 3500 successful rocket launches. In 1985 the last rocket was launched but over 50 buildings stand as a testament to a time when technology was in its infancy and Canadians played a leading role in its development
40. Vimy Ridge
December 1, 2001
Vimy Ridge in France, would become the most influential battle of World War I and the model for the greatest allied offensive of 1918. It dramatically revealed how innovative tactics, combined with iron courage and heroic self-sacrifice enabled Canadian soldiers to transform a field of slaughter into a field of glory.
39. Buxton Settlement
December 1, 2000
The Elgin settlement at Buxton, Ontario was established in 1849, by Reverend William King, who brought 15 former slaves to Canada. He developed a model community in which freed and refugee slaves could thrive, retain their freedom and become productive, independent citizens. Descendants of the original residents make up the modern community of Buxton.
38. Deline (Fort Franklin)
December 1, 2000
At the southern-most tip of Great Bear Lake there's a place called Deline, where only one section of water stays unfrozen throughout the savage winter months. The Deline Fishery has existed for thousands of years providing winter subsistence for the Sahtu Dene people. It was also instrumental in the survival of Franklin's second expedition to map the Arctic.
37. Abbot Pass Refuge Cabin
December 1, 2000
It was Philip Abbott's tragic and unsuccessful attempt to climb Mount Lefroy in 1896, which spurred the climbing frenzy in the Canadian Rockies. In 1922, the CPR commissioned the building of a stone hut on the narrow col between Lake Louise & Lake O'Hara. It was named after Philip Abbott & continues to be a refuge for mountain climbers attempting the summits of Mount Victoria & Mount Lefroy.
36. St. Roch
December 1, 2000
The search for the North-west Passage was a high priority during the 19th Century. In 1940, a modest wooden schooner, named the St. Roch was the first complete the voyage. The harrowing tale is told posthumously by Sargent Henry Larsen, in an interview rarely ever seen before, and by the last surviving member of the crew.,
35. Exchange District
December 1, 2000
At one time referred to as the "Chicago of the North", Winnipeg's Exchange's remarkable group of buildings vividly illustrates the city's transformation from a modest pioneer settlement to Western Canada's largest metropolitan center. Designed by a number of well-known architects, these buildings reflect an approach to architecture that was innovative, stylish and functional
34. Motherwell Homestead
December 1, 2000
William Richard Motherwell was an agricultural visionary. He developed systems of crop rotation, letting land lie fallow for seasons to recapture moisture, and he broke the railway grain monopoly, paving the way for the farmers' co-operatives in the Prairie Provinces. His homestead is preserved in the period of its peak, pre-WWI, giving us insight into the man and his life's work
33. Fort Steele
December 1, 2000
In the 1890's Fort Steele was the most sophisticated town in British Columbia; the ladies wore fashions from Paris, and the residents could watch the New York Opera perform. When the main railway line connected to nearby Cranbrook instead, Fort Steele was a ghost town within a year. Today 36 original buildings remain, and others are being gradually restored and re-built.
32. Trent-Severn Waterway
December 1, 2000
With the growing needs of industry, it was necessary to accommodate larger and larger ships and find a faster route into the interior. Designed to bypass Lakes Ontario, Erie and Huron, started out with a small wooden lock at Bobcaygeon in 1833. The Lift Lock at Peterborough is the world's highest hydraulic Lift Lock, raising boats as high as 65 feet.
31. Queenston-Chippewa Hydro-Electric Plant
December 1, 2000
built between 1917 and 1921, Queenston-Chippewa was, for many years, the largest Hydro-electric project in the world. Its design was a marvel of engineering and imagination. As many as 10,000 people were employed, and the estimated costs, in 1921, were $131,000,000.
30. Battle Harbour
December 1, 2000
Battle Harbour has a surprisingly auspicious and colourful history. For many years it was the acknowledged capital of the Labrador coast. It was also the home of Dr. William Grenfell - a man who revolutionized health care, and improved the quality of life in Newfoundland and Labrador. American explorer Robert Peary, used it as the point of departure on his quests to reach the North Pole.
29. Fortifications of Quebec
December 1, 2000
To explore the Fortifications of Quebec City is to peel back the layers of history. Archaeologists and historians take viewers on an intriguing journey back over three centuries, and provide a window onto fascinating cultures and personalities. The walls that surrounded the entire old town, included barracks, powder magazines, even a small apartment believed to have been the hangman's quarters
28. Royal Canadian Mint
December 1, 2000
When the Mint opened its doors in 1908, it was a golden opportunity for Canada to take control of its own finances. Before the Mint was established, Canadians had struggled with multiple currencies from Britain, the American States and the individual provinces. Canadian coins are beautiful, detailed works of art, and a unique reflection of Canadian history and identity.
27. Province House
December 1, 2000
Charlottetown has long been dubbed 'The Birthplace of Confederation', but few people know how it all began. It was a week of parties, dinner and champagne, cocktails and balls, an atmosphere in which bitter enemies could at least be in the same room as one another. Had the participants not been in such a congenial frame of mind, the resolutions to create Canada might never have found consensus.
26. Bar U Ranch
January 1, 1999
The Bar U was one of a small group of very large corporate ranches in western Canada. Nestled in the Pekisko Creek Valley in the foothills of Southwestern Alberta, it was one of the foremost ranching operations in Canada from 1882 - 1950, and continues to thrive to this day. Its long history, & the collection of buildings that remain, provide a direct link to early years of ranching in Alberta
26. Bar U Ranch
January 1, 1999
The Bar U was one of a small group of very large corporate ranches in western Canada. Nestled in the Pekisko Creek Valley in the foothills of Southwestern Alberta, it was one of the foremost ranching operations in Canada from 1882 - 1950, and continues to thrive to this day. Its long history, & the collection of buildings that remain, provide a direct link to early years of ranching in Alberta
25. Nan Sdins
January 1, 1999
The decaying mortuary poles of the Village of Ninstints are a poignant reminder of the once rich and thriving sea-faring culture of the Haida people. The best-preserved poles were removed and taken to museums early in this century. The remaining poles are located on a secluded, storm swept island in the Queen Charlotte Islands, and are gradually being reclaimed by the elements.
24. Algonquin Park
January 1, 1999
Established in 1893, it was the country's first provincial park. It prohibited settlement but promoted recreation, protected forests but continued to cut them, preserved wildlife but allowed fishing & hunting. It is a park rich with understanding of parks, wilderness, and the question of balance in nature, but also a history that is rich in mystique, mythology, and tests of the human spirit.
23. Skoki Ski Lodge
January 1, 1998
Built in the 1930's in Banff's high country, by a group of adventurers who called themselves the Ski Club of the Canadian Rockies. It is a rustic log cabin, accessible only by foot or horseback. Unaffected by avalanches, neighbouring developments and changes in ownership, Skoki Ski Lodge has remained essentially unchanged from the mid-1930's. It is still accessible only by foot or horseback
23. Skoki Ski Lodge
January 1, 1998
Built in the 1930's in Banff's high country, by a group of adventurers who called themselves the Ski Club of the Canadian Rockies. It is a rustic log cabin, accessible only by foot or horseback. Unaffected by avalanches, neighbouring developments and changes in ownership, Skoki Ski Lodge has remained essentially unchanged from the mid-1930's. It is still accessible only by foot or horseback
22. HMCS Haida
January 1, 1999
Canada's most famous warship, the last of the Tribal Class Destroyers, first went into action in World War II. Her battle honours include service in the Arctic and in Europe, notably as part of the D-Day offensive, and later in the Korean War. Having never lost a battle, the Haida sunk more enemy tonnage than any other ship in the Royal Canadian Navy.
21. L'Anse aux Meadows
January 1, 1999
After many years of combing the eastern coastline Anne and Helge Ingstad found the site, now known as L'Anse aux Meadows. What they uncovered proves that Vikings settled in North America in 1000 AD. Long before Columbus. The landing site is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a testament to the Ingstads' determination to rewrite recorded history.
21. L'Anse aux Meadows
January 1, 1999
After many years of combing the eastern coastline Anne and Helge Ingstad found the site, now known as L'Anse aux Meadows. What they uncovered proves that Vikings settled in North America in 1000 AD. Long before Columbus. The landing site is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a testament to the Ingstads' determination to rewrite recorded history.
20. Dawson City
January 1, 1999
Dawson City's flamboyant tale began on August 16, 1896, when three adventurers discovered gold on a small tributary of the Klondike River. News of the 'bonanza' spread like wildfire, and in just one year, hundreds of entrepreneurs set up shop to service the gold 'stampeders.' Dawson City is a living community, where historic structures are preserved to commemorate the Gold Rush
20. Dawson City
January 1, 1999
Dawson City's flamboyant tale began on August 16, 1896, when three adventurers discovered gold on a small tributary of the Klondike River. News of the 'bonanza' spread like wildfire, and in just one year, hundreds of entrepreneurs set up shop to service the gold 'stampeders.' Dawson City is a living community, where historic structures are preserved to commemorate the Gold Rush
19. Quebec City
January 1, 1999
In the 18th century, the British and the Americans were at war, vying for control of the substantial, relatively unsettled territory in the northern reaches North America. The Plains of Abraham in Quebec became famous as the location of the final outcome in this struggle. Much can be gleaned about military life in the era
19. Quebec City
January 1, 1999
In the 18th century, the British and the Americans were at war, vying for control of the substantial, relatively unsettled territory in the northern reaches North America. The Plains of Abraham in Quebec became famous as the location of the final outcome in this struggle. Much can be gleaned about military life in the era
18. Wanuskewin
January 1, 1999
For thousands of years, hunter-gatherers roamed this river valley in Central Saskatchewan. The area contains 19 prehistoric archaeological sites representing some 250 generations of the Northern Plains Indians. From a large medicine wheel, to the tipi rings and stone cairns which described the camps and buffalo runs, the Wanuskewin site is one of the largest research projects in the country
17. Gulf of Georgia Cannery
January 1, 1999
The Gulf of Georgia is one of the last surviving nineteenth-century salmon canneries on the west coast. It was called the monster cannery when it was built in 1894, and was once BC's leading producer of canned salmon. The site evokes images not only of the west coast fishery, but the thousands of immigrant workers who sustained the industry.
16. Lunenburg
January 1, 1999
Established in 1753, Lunenburg was the first British Colonial Settlement in Nova Scotia outside of Halifax. It was settled by German farmers who would become fishermen and shipbuilders, gaining international fame as the builders of the Bluenose. It is the last recognizable example of the British military's "Model Town Plan"
16. Lunenburg
January 1, 1999
Established in 1753, Lunenburg was the first British Colonial Settlement in Nova Scotia outside of Halifax. It was settled by German farmers who would become fishermen and shipbuilders, gaining international fame as the builders of the Bluenose. It is the last recognizable example of the British military's "Model Town Plan"
15. Old Fort William
January 1, 1999
For over 200 years, Canada's most lucrative industry was based on a single fashion craze - the top hat. European demand for the under-felt of the beaver sparked intense exploration of North America. When it opened in 1807, Fort William became vital to the success of the North West Company. Using Fort William as a halfway point, they could move furs from west to east in a single season.
14. Pointe au Pere
January 1, 1999
Although the sinking of the Titanic is better known, more people perished in the catastrophic wreck of the Empress of Ireland. With a total loss of 1012 lives, it was the worst maritime accident in North America. The ship sank in less than 14 minutes. The Pointe au Pere lighthouse was within sight of the tragedy.
14. Pointe au Pere
January 1, 1999
Although the sinking of the Titanic is better known, more people perished in the catastrophic wreck of the Empress of Ireland. With a total loss of 1012 lives, it was the worst maritime accident in North America. The ship sank in less than 14 minutes. The Pointe au Pere lighthouse was within sight of the tragedy.
13. Fort Conger
January 1, 1998
It was here that we found what we think is Canada's most haunting national historic site; Fort Conger. It was in this lonely outpost at the top of the world that U.S. Admiral Robert E. Pearly plotted his final attempts to reach the North Pole. The cold of the north has literally frozen the crude structure and many of its contents over time.
13. Fort Conger
January 1, 1998
It was here that we found what we think is Canada's most haunting national historic site; Fort Conger. It was in this lonely outpost at the top of the world that U.S. Admiral Robert E. Pearly plotted his final attempts to reach the North Pole. The cold of the north has literally frozen the crude structure and many of its contents over time.
12. Victoria's Chinatown
January 1, 1998
Victoria's Chinatown still has many vestiges of early immigration to Canada. Today, Victoria's Chinatown is an intriguing and colourful mix of old and new. But behind the restored facades are the remains of secret passageways and alleys built by a community trying to escape from racism. Even today, the secret Chinatown is known only to a select few.
11. Red Bay Whaling Station
January 1, 1998
For a half century in the late 1500s, Red Bay was whaling capital of the world. Each year, as many as 20 ships sailed from the Basque Provinces of France and Spain to hunt whales in the Strait of Belle Isle. Some ship owners made their fortunes, but excavations on offshore Saddle Island tell another, tragic story: more than 60 graves contain about 140 sixteenth century skeletons.
11. Red Bay Whaling Station
January 1, 1998
For a half century in the late 1500s, Red Bay was whaling capital of the world. Each year, as many as 20 ships sailed from the Basque Provinces of France and Spain to hunt whales in the Strait of Belle Isle. Some ship owners made their fortunes, but excavations on offshore Saddle Island tell another, tragic story: more than 60 graves contain about 140 sixteenth century skeletons.
10. Grosse Ile Immigration Station
January 1, 1998
In 1847 thousands left Ireland to start a new life in Canada. Typhoid flourished in the cramped quarters, with poor hygiene & contaminated water. Landing at Grosse Ile quarantine station in Canada, the healthy were developing symptoms, there weren't enough facilities to care for the sick; and the dead couldn't be buried fast enough.
9. Fortress of Louisbourg
January 1, 1998
The creation of Louisbourg began in 1719, three years after the French ceded Acadia and Newfoundland to the British. They chose 'Isle Royale' for the base of a lucrative cod fishery and seaport which became one of the main mercantile shipment points between Europe and the New World.
9. Fortress of Louisbourg
January 1, 1998
The creation of Louisbourg began in 1719, three years after the French ceded Acadia and Newfoundland to the British. They chose 'Isle Royale' for the base of a lucrative cod fishery and seaport which became one of the main mercantile shipment points between Europe and the New World.
8. Batoche National Historic Site
January 1, 1998
As the sun fought through the clouds on May 9th, 1885, Canadian fought Canadian in a bloody battle that tore at the fabric of our young nation. Canada experienced its first rebellion a mere eighteen years after celebrating its independence, when angry Metis, led by Louis Riel, rebelled against the government of the day.
8. Batoche National Historic Site
January 1, 1998
As the sun fought through the clouds on May 9th, 1885, Canadian fought Canadian in a bloody battle that tore at the fabric of our young nation. Canada experienced its first rebellion a mere eighteen years after celebrating its independence, when angry Metis, led by Louis Riel, rebelled against the government of the day.
7. Green Gables House
January 1, 1998
At the turn of the century, a young Canadian writer named Lucy Maud Montgomery wrote a book that put PEI on the world map. Anne, the feisty little orphan girl she created, has delighted readers all over the world. Each year, thousands of visitors make a pilgrimage to Green Gables in search of simpler times and old-fashioned values.
7. Green Gables House
January 1, 1998
At the turn of the century, a young Canadian writer named Lucy Maud Montgomery wrote a book that put PEI on the world map. Anne, the feisty little orphan girl she created, has delighted readers all over the world. Each year, thousands of visitors make a pilgrimage to Green Gables in search of simpler times and old-fashioned values.
6. Banff Springs Hotel
January 1, 1998
The magnificent Banff Springs Hotel has been a wilderness palace for people from around the world and a playground for the rich and famous. It is the legacy of one man; William Cornelius Van Horne, a brash, young American engineer who supervised the completion of the CPR. His influence was enormous. The Banff Springs Hotel was his vision, and it changed the way the world viewed Canada.
6. Banff Springs Hotel
January 1, 1998
The magnificent Banff Springs Hotel has been a wilderness palace for people from around the world and a playground for the rich and famous. It is the legacy of one man; William Cornelius Van Horne, a brash, young American engineer who supervised the completion of the CPR. His influence was enormous. The Banff Springs Hotel was his vision, and it changed the way the world viewed Canada.
5. Elgin & Wintergarden Theatres
January 1, 1998
Toronto's grand Elgin and Winter Garden Theatres achronicle of the evolution of theatre, and the development of urban Canada. Built in 1913 the ornate theatres were a mecca, especially for Toronto's immigrant population. For pennies, they could sit in comfort and watch shows that required no explanation and little knowledge of English, thanks to the physical nature of vaudeville.
4. Diefenbunker
January 1, 1998
The year is 1959 and with the uneasiness of the Cold War looming, Prime Minister John Diefenbaker orders a 25 million dollar underground bunker to be built. Its purpose is to protect the cabinet from a nuclear attack by the Russians. The 'Diefenbunker', as it became known, was built on the site of a small military base twenty minutes outside of Ottawa.
3. Chilkoot Trail
January 1, 1998
In 1896 the Klondike gold fever was at its peak. Gold seekers from all over the world swarmed to the Yukon in the hopes of striking it rich. The best route to the gold was the Chilkoot Trail, a treacherous fifteen mile trail littered with the carcasses of horses, abandoned supplies and broken dreams.
2. Kingston Penetentiary
January 1, 1998
Kingston Penitentiary is Canada's oldest federal penitentiary and it provides insight into the evolution of our society. Another incredible site was the Diefenbunker, a top-secret underground shelter, built on the outskirts of Ottawa during the Cold War, to house government VIPs in the event of a nuclear attack.
2. Kingston Penetentiary
January 1, 1998
Kingston Penitentiary is Canada's oldest federal penitentiary and it provides insight into the evolution of our society. Another incredible site was the Diefenbunker, a top-secret underground shelter, built on the outskirts of Ottawa during the Cold War, to house government VIPs in the event of a nuclear attack.
1. Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump
January 1, 1998
According to Blackfoot legend, a young brave decided he wanted to watch the fall of the countless buffalo as they were driven over the sandstone cliffs by his tribesmen. As the carcasses mounted, he became trapped between the animals and the cliff. He was found dead, his skull crushed by the weight of the buffalo. So they named the area, "Head-Smashed-In".
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Premiere DateJanuary 1, 1998
